Body Fluids and Circulation
CBSE · Class 11 · Biology
Flashcards for Body Fluids and Circulation — CBSE Class 11 Biology. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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What is blood and what are its two main components?
Answer
Blood is a special connective tissue that transports nutrients, oxygen, and waste materials throughout the body. Its two main components are: 1) Plasma (55%) - a straw-colored fluid matrix containing …
What is plasma and what are its major protein components?
Answer
Plasma is a straw-colored, viscous fluid that constitutes 55% of blood. It is 90-92% water and 6-8% proteins. The major proteins are: 1) Fibrinogen - needed for blood clotting, 2) Globulins - involved…
Describe the structure and function of Red Blood Cells (RBCs).
Answer
RBCs (erythrocytes) are the most abundant blood cells. Key features: 1) Biconcave shape, 2) No nucleus in mammals, 3) Contain hemoglobin (12-16 gm/100ml blood), 4) Count: 5-5.5 million/mm³ in healthy …
What are the different types of White Blood Cells (WBCs) and their functions?
Answer
WBCs (leukocytes) are nucleated, colorless cells (6000-8000/mm³). Two categories: 1) Granulocytes: Neutrophils (60-65%, phagocytic), Eosinophils (2-3%, resist infections, allergic reactions), Basophil…
What are platelets and what is their primary function?
Answer
Platelets (thrombocytes) are cell fragments produced from megakaryocytes in bone marrow. Normal count: 150,000-350,000/mm³. Primary function: Blood coagulation (clotting). They release substances invo…
Explain the ABO blood grouping system with antigens and antibodies.
Answer
ABO grouping based on surface antigens A and B on RBCs: Group A (A antigen, anti-B antibody), Group B (B antigen, anti-A antibody), Group AB (A and B antigens, no antibodies), Group O (no antigens, an…
What is Rh grouping and what is erythroblastosis foetalis?
Answer
Rh grouping based on Rh antigen (similar to Rhesus monkey). 80% humans are Rh+ve, 20% are Rh-ve. Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs when Rh-ve mother carries Rh+ve fetus. During first delivery, mother d…
Describe the process of blood coagulation (clotting).
Answer
Blood coagulation prevents excessive blood loss. Process: 1) Injury stimulates platelets to release clotting factors, 2) Cascade of enzymatic reactions activates thrombokinase, 3) Thrombokinase conver…
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
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