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World Climate and Climate Change

CBSE · Class 11 · Geography

Quick revision notes for World Climate and Climate Change — CBSE Class 11 Geography. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

77 questions24 flashcards5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

1

Climate Classification Systems

  • Three broad approaches to climate classification: Empirical (based on observed data like temperature and precipitation), Genetic (based on causes), and Applied (for specific purposes)
  • Koeppen's classification is the most widely used empirical system developed in 1918 and still popular today
  • Koeppen identified close relationship between vegetation distribution and climate
2

Koeppen's Major Climate Groups

  • Group A (Tropical): Average temperature of coldest month is 18°C or higher
  • Group B (Dry): Potential evaporation exceeds precipitation
  • Group C (Warm Temperate): Coldest month temperature between -3°C and 18°C
3

Tropical Climates (Group A)

  • Af (Tropical Wet): No dry season, found near equator (Amazon Basin, equatorial Africa, East Indies)
  • Am (Tropical Monsoon): Short dry season, heavy summer rainfall (Indian subcontinent, NE South America, N Australia)
  • Aw (Tropical Wet and Dry): Winter dry season, shorter wet season than Af and Am
4

Dry Climates (Group B)

  • BS (Steppe/Semi-arid): More rainfall than deserts, supports sparse grasslands
  • BW (Desert): Very low rainfall, inadequate for plant growth
  • Subdivided by latitude: BSh/BWh (subtropical 15°-35°), BSk/BWk (mid-latitude 35°-60°)

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Key Concepts

A widely used empirical classification systemFound between the Tropic of CancerCharacterized by very low rainfall inadequateThe atmosphere acts like a greenhouseClimate change results from both natural

Frequently Asked Questions

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Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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