Biotechnology and its Applications
CBSE · Class 12 · Biology
Summary of Biotechnology and its Applications for CBSE Class 12 Biology. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Biotechnology is the large-scale production of biopharmaceuticals and biologicals using genetically modified organisms including microbes, fungi, plants and animals. This revolutionary field has transformed agriculture, healthcare, and industry by providing solutions to increase food production, tre
Key Concepts
Biotechnology encompasses therapeutics
Biotechnology encompasses therapeutics, diagnostics, genetically modified crops, processed food, bioremediation, waste treatment, and energy productio
Tissue culture involves growing plant parts
Tissue culture involves growing plant parts (explants) in sterile conditions with special nutrient media containing sucrose, inorganic salts, vitamins
Plants
Plants, bacteria, fungi, and animals with altered genes through manipulation. GM crops offer tolerance to abiotic stresses, reduced pesticide dependen
Bt toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis kills
Bt toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis kills specific insects. The toxin exists as inactive protoxins that become active in alkaline insect gut pH, crea
A cellular defense mechanism where complementary
A cellular defense mechanism where complementary dsRNA prevents mRNA translation, effectively silencing genes. Used to protect plants from nematode pa
Learning Objectives
- Understand the principles and applications of biotechnology in agriculture and healthcare
- Learn about genetically modified crops and their role in sustainable agriculture
- Explore tissue culture techniques and their commercial applications
- Analyze the production of recombinant therapeutics and their advantages
- Examine gene therapy as a treatment for genetic disorders
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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