Social Movements
CBSE · Class 12 · Sociology
Summary of Social Movements for CBSE Class 12 Sociology. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Social movements are collective efforts by groups of people to bring about or resist social change. They have shaped the world we live in today, from gaining voting rights and workers' benefits to achieving independence from colonial rule. In India, social movements continue to play a crucial role i
Key Concepts
A sustained collective action over time
A sustained collective action over time directed against the state or other institutions, marked by organization, shared objectives, and ideologies. I
Old movements were class
Old movements were class-based, led by political parties and trade unions, focused on economic inequality and power redistribution. New movements addr
Movements that arise in opposition
Movements that arise in opposition to social movements, defending the status quo. Examples include opposition to sati abolition, girls' education, and
A broader term referring to organizations
A broader term referring to organizations and movements outside the state and market, including NGOs, women's groups, environmental groups, and tribal
Redemptive movements focus on personal transformation
Redemptive movements focus on personal transformation (Narayana Guru's reforms), reformist movements seek gradual change (Right to Information), and r
Learning Objectives
- Understand the concept and characteristics of social movements
- Differentiate between old and new social movements
- Analyze various types of social movements in India including peasant, workers', Dalit, tribal, and women's movements
- Examine the relationship between social movements and social change
- Evaluate the role of social movements in democracy and development
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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