Collection of Data

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Gottfried Achenwall first used the German word 'Statistik' in 1749 for analysis of data about the state. Statistics was formally introduced in Encyclopedia Britannica in 1797.

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R.A. Fisher is known as the 'Father of Statistics' because he applied statistics to diverse fields like genetics, biometry, psychology, education, and agriculture, and developed modern statistical met…

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P.C. Mahalanobis founded the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in 1931 at Calcutta, started the first post-graduate course in Statistics at Calcutta University in 1941, and formulated India's second …

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Population: A group of all units under study. Sample: A set of units selected from the population. Example: If studying 700 workers in a factory, all 700 workers form the population (N=700). If we sel…

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Qualitative Data: Non-numerical characteristics that can be observed but not measured on a scale (e.g., gender, education level, religion). Quantitative Data: Numerical characteristics that can be mea…

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Primary Data: Data originally collected by an authorized agency or investigator for the first time. Examples: Data collected by NSSO, population census of India, birth and death rates published by Reg…

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Secondary Data: Data already collected by one agency but used by another investigator. Example: Birth and death rate data published by Registrar General of India becomes secondary data when used by UN…

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1) Primary is original, secondary is reused 2) Primary collected from units under inquiry, secondary obtained from primary data 3) Primary usually raw, secondary usually classified 4) Primary requires…