ICSE Class 10 Biology — Flashcards for Quick Revision

A: A cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms (except viruses, some bacteria, etc.). It is called the basic unit of life because all metabolic activities like respiration, nutri

A: The cell wall is a non-living, freely permeable structure made mainly of cellulose. It is present only in plant cells and is situated outside the cell membrane. It maintains cell shape, provides rigid

A: Cell Wall: Non-living, freely permeable, made of cellulose, present only in plants, provides rigidity. Cell Membrane: Living, selectively permeable, made of lipid and protein, present in all cells, se

A: Cell division is the process by which a single cell divides to form two or more daughter cells. It is necessary because: 1) As cells grow, the ratio between nucleus and cytoplasm gets disturbed, 2) Su

A: Cell cycle is the period from the end of one division of a cell to the end of the next division. In eukaryotes, the entire cell cycle lasts 10-30 hours, while the actual division takes only 30 minutes

A: The two main phases are: 1) Interphase - The growth period between two successive divisions, includes G1, S, and G2 phases, 2) Division phase (M-phase) - The actual division period including karyokine

A: Heredity is the inheritance of both species and parental characteristics from one generation to the next. It explains why organisms produce offspring of their own kind while showing some variations.

A: Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with the mechanism of heredity and variations. It studies how characters are transferred from parents to offspring through genes and chromosomes.

A: 1. Acquired or Somatogenic variations - caused by environmental factors 2. Blastogenic variations - caused by inheritance of variable genetic material from parents. These are heritable variations.