Cell Division

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Cell division is the process by which a single cell divides to form two or more daughter cells. It is necessary because: 1) As cells grow, the ratio between nucleus and cytoplasm gets disturbed, 2) Su

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Cell cycle is the period from the end of one division of a cell to the end of the next division. In eukaryotes, the entire cell cycle lasts 10-30 hours, while the actual division takes only 30 minutes

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The two main phases are: 1) Interphase - The growth period between two successive divisions, includes G1, S, and G2 phases, 2) Division phase (M-phase) - The actual division period including karyokine

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G1 Phase: Comes before S-phase, synthesis of RNA and proteins occurs, chromosomes are uncoiled and thin, constitutes 30-40% of cell cycle. G2 Phase: Comes after S-phase, synthesis of proteins and dupl

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During S-phase: 1) DNA is replicated (duplicated), 2) Histone proteins are synthesized, 3) Each chromosome becomes made of two chromatids, 4) This phase constitutes 30-50% of the entire cell cycle.

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1) Amitosis - Simple division without spindle formation, nuclear membrane doesn't dissolve, genetic material may not be equally divided, 2) Mitosis - Somatic cell division/equational division with equ

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Mitosis was discovered by W. Flemming. It commonly occurs in somatic or body cells like meristem, cambium, epithelium (stratum malpighi of skin), and cells of bone marrow.

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1) Reproduction in unicellular organisms like Amoeba, 2) Development of multicellular body from zygote, 3) Growth from embryo to adult, 4) Repair of wounds and damaged tissues, 5) Regeneration of lost