Endocrine System

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Exocrine glands have ducts and release secretions into target organs through these ducts (e.g., liver, salivary glands). Endocrine glands are ductless and release hormones directly into the blood (e.g

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Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands directly into blood. Characteristics: 1) Produced in small quantities 2) Transported by blood to target organs 3) Not stored in body 4) Bo

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Nervous System: Fast conduction, localized influence, short-lived effect, doesn't influence growth. Endocrine System: Slow conduction, widespread influence, long-lasting effect, influences growth and

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Pituitary is called master gland because it regulates other endocrine glands through tropic hormones. However, the pituitary itself is controlled by releasing hormones from the hypothalamus, making hy

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1) TSH - stimulates thyroid gland 2) ACTH - stimulates adrenal cortex 3) FSH - stimulates follicles/spermatogenesis 4) LH/ICSH - stimulates sex hormone production 5) Growth Hormone - controls body gro

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Hyposecretion: Dwarfism in children (short stature, no mental retardation), Myxoedema in adults. Hypersecretion: Gigantism in children (excessive height), Acromegaly in adults (broad facial features,

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1) Oxytocin - stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection 2) Vasopressin (ADH) - increases water reabsorption in kidneys and increases blood pressure

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Diabetes insipidus is caused by deficiency of ADH (vasopressin). It is characterized by excessive excretion of large quantities of dilute urine without sugar. The person feels excessive thirst.