Nervous System
ICSE · Class 10 · Biology
Flashcards for Nervous System — ICSE Class 10 Biology. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
What is the nervous system and what is its main function?
Answer
The nervous system is the main control system of the body. It brings about coordination in activities of other organ systems by transmitting information in the form of electrical impulses. It controls
What are neurons and what are their four main functional parts?
Answer
Neurons are specialised cells that form the basic structural unit of the nervous system, adapted to transmit information rapidly. The four functional parts are: 1) Soma (cell body) - star-shaped main
What is the difference between myelinated and non-myelinated neurons?
Answer
Myelinated neurons have a myelin sheath covering the axon, which is composed of fat layers secreted by Schwann cells. This sheath protects the axon and speeds up impulse transmission. Non-myelinated n
Define sensory neuron, motor neuron, and association neuron based on their functions.
Answer
Sensory neurons transmit impulses from sense organs to the central nervous system (CNS). Motor neurons carry impulses from CNS to effector organs (muscles or glands). Association/Intermediate neurons
What are the three types of nerves based on the neurons they contain?
Answer
1) Sensory nerves - contain only sensory neurons, conduct impulses from receptors to brain/spinal cord. 2) Motor nerves - contain only motor neurons, conduct impulses from brain/spinal cord to effecto
Explain the process of nerve impulse conduction through polarization and depolarization.
Answer
During rest (polarization), the axon membrane is positively charged outside (high Na+) and negatively charged inside (more K+) due to Na+-K+ pump. When an impulse arrives, the membrane becomes depolar
What is a synapse and how does impulse transmission occur across it?
Answer
A synapse is the area of contact between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron with a microscopic gap (synaptic cleft). Impulse transmission occurs chemically through neurotransmit
What are the two main divisions of the human nervous system?
Answer
1) Central Nervous System (CNS) - consists of brain and spinal cord, present along the body axis. 2) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - composed of cranial and spinal nerves arising from brain and spin
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