Nervous System
ICSE · Class 10 · Biology
Quick revision notes for Nervous System — ICSE Class 10 Biology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Structure and Function of Neurons
- Neurons are the basic structural and functional units of the nervous system
- Over one trillion neurons are present in the human body
- Four main parts of a neuron: Cell body/Soma/Cyton, Dendrites, Axon, and Axon terminals
Types of Neurons and Nerves
- Three types based on function: Sensory, Motor, and Association neurons
- Sensory neurons carry impulses from sense organs to CNS
- Motor neurons carry impulses from CNS to effector organs (muscles/glands)
Nerve Impulse Transmission
- Nerve impulse is an electrical phenomenon traveling along the axon
- Three stages: Polarization, Depolarization, and Repolarization
- Polarization: Resting state with positive charge outside, negative inside
Central Nervous System - Brain
- Brain weighs about 1.3 kg and is enclosed in cranium
- Protected by three meninges: Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, Pia mater
- Cerebrospinal fluid fills space between meninges for protection and nutrition
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