Conditionals

Used for real

Used for real, factual situations or automatic consequences. Structure: If + simple present, simple present. Example: 'If you heat water to 100°C, it

Used for possible future situations

Used for possible future situations with real chances of happening. Structure: If + simple present, will + base verb. Example: 'If it rains tomorrow,

Used for imaginary

Used for imaginary, unlikely, or impossible present/future situations. Structure: If + simple past, would + base verb. Example: 'If I were a bird, I w

Used for hypothetical past situations

Used for hypothetical past situations that cannot be changed. Structure: If + past perfect, would have + past participle. Example: 'If I had studied h

Words and phrases that can replace

Words and phrases that can replace 'if' include: unless (if not), as long as (provided that), supposing, assuming, on condition that, in case, provide