Measures of Central Tendency

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A measure of central tendency is a numerical value that represents the entire given statistical data. It gives us a single value that represents the center or typical value of a data set. The three ma…

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Mean (x̄) = Sum of all observations / Number of observations x̄ = (x₁ + x₂ + x₃ + ... + xₙ) / n = Σxᵢ / n where n is the total number of observations and Σ represents summation.

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Step 1: Add all observations 5 + 8 + 12 + 15 + 10 = 50 Step 2: Count total observations = 5 Step 3: Mean = Sum/Number of observations Mean = 50/5 = 10 Therefore, mean = 10…

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Mean (x̄) = Σ(f × x) / Σf where: f = frequency of each class x = mid-value of each class Σf = total frequency (sum of all frequencies) Σ(f × x) = sum of products of frequency and mid-value…

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Mean (x̄) = A + Σ(f × d) / Σf where: A = assumed mean (any convenient value) f = frequency of each class d = deviation from assumed mean = x - A Σf = total frequency This method reduces calculation wo…

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Mean (x̄) = A + (Σ(f × u) / Σf) × h where: A = assumed mean f = frequency u = (x - A) / h (step deviation) h = class interval width Σf = total frequency This method is useful when class intervals are …

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Median is the middle value of a data set when arranged in ascending or descending order. For ungrouped data: • If n is odd: Median = ((n+1)/2)th term • If n is even: Median = (n/2)th term + ((n/2)+1)t…

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Step 1: Data is already arranged in ascending order Step 2: n = 7 (odd number) Step 3: Median = ((n+1)/2)th term = (7+1)/2 = 4th term Step 4: The 4th term is 12 Therefore, median = 12…