Quadratic Equations
ICSE · Class 10 · Mathematics
Quick revision notes for Quadratic Equations — ICSE Class 10 Mathematics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Basic Concepts and Definitions
- A quadratic polynomial is of the form ax² + bx + c where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0
- A quadratic equation is of the form ax² + bx + c = 0 where a ≠ 0
- The highest power of the variable x is 2 in a quadratic equation
Solving by Factorisation Method
- Based on the zero product rule: if ab = 0, then a = 0 or b = 0
- Express ax² + bx + c as a product of two linear factors
- Set each factor equal to zero and solve
Quadratic Formula Method
- Universal method that works for all quadratic equations
- Derived by completing the square method
- Also known as Sridharacharya formula
Nature of Roots and Discriminant
- Discriminant D = b² - 4ac determines the nature of roots
- Three cases based on discriminant value
- Helps predict root nature without solving the equation
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