Nutrition
ICSE · Class 9 · Biology
Quick revision notes for Nutrition — ICSE Class 9 Biology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Basic Concepts of Nutrition
- Nutrition is the supply of essential organic and inorganic compounds (nutrients) to the body
- Food is any substance we eat or drink containing nutrients (milk, bread, egg, fish, apple)
- Diet is the combination of food items in our meals; balanced diet provides all necessary nutrients
Carbohydrates
- Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in ratio C:H:O with H:O always 2:1
- Principal energy sources - 1 mole glucose releases 686 kilocalories
- Two main types: Sugars (soluble, sweet) and Starch (insoluble)
Fats
- Composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen with less oxygen than carbohydrates
- Produce more energy than carbohydrates - 9.45 Kcal per mole
- Made up of fatty acids and glycerol
Proteins
- Large molecules containing C, H, O, N (nitrogen most essential element)
- May also contain sulfur and phosphorus
- Made up of amino acids as building blocks
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