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Chapter 4 of 9
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Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding

ICSE · Class 9 · Chemistry

Flashcards for Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding — ICSE Class 9 Chemistry. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.

42 questions25 flashcards5 concepts

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25 Flashcards
Card 1Basic Atomic Structure

What is an atom? Give its definition.

Answer

An atom is the smallest particle of an element that exhibits all the properties of that element. It may or may not exist independently but takes part in every chemical reaction. It is the smallest pos

Card 2Subatomic Particles

Name the three fundamental particles of an atom and their charges.

Answer

The three fundamental particles are: 1. Electron (e⁻) - Negative charge (-1) 2. Proton (p⁺) - Positive charge (+1) 3. Neutron (n) - No charge (0 or neutral)

Card 3Atomic Number and Mass

What is the atomic number (Z) of an element?

Answer

Atomic number (Z) is the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom. It is also equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom. It distinguishes one element from another and gives the tot

Card 4Atomic Number and Mass

What is mass number (A) and how is it calculated?

Answer

Mass number (A) is the total number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom. Formula: A = Number of protons + Number of neutrons Since protons = atomic number (Z), we can write: A =

Card 5Electron Distribution

State the 2n² rule for electron distribution in shells.

Answer

The 2n² rule states that the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in any shell is given by 2n², where n is the shell number. K shell (n=1): 2×1² = 2 electrons L shell (n=2): 2×2² = 8 e

Card 6Valence Electrons

What are valence electrons and why are they important?

Answer

Valence electrons are the electrons present in the outermost shell (valence shell) of an atom. They are important because: 1. They determine the chemical properties of elements 2. They take part in ch

Card 7Chemical Bonding Basics

State the octet rule and explain its significance.

Answer

The octet rule states that atoms tend to combine with other atoms to attain 8 electrons in their outermost shell (like noble gases). This gives them a stable electronic configuration. Exception: Heliu

Card 8Isotopes

What are isotopes? Give an example.

Answer

Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers (different number of neutrons). Example: Hydrogen isotopes - Protium: ¹₁H (0 neutrons) - Deuterium: ²₁H

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