Computer System

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A computer system is a computer along with additional hardware and software that work together as a single unit. Main components include: (1) Central Processing Unit (CPU) - the brain that processes d

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The CPU has two main components: (1) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - performs all arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction) and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT) as per program instructions, and (2)

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In ascending order: KB (Kilobyte) < MB (Megabyte) < GB (Gigabyte) < TB (Terabyte) < PB (Petabyte). Each unit is 1024 times the previous unit. For example: 1 KB = 1024 Bytes, 1 MB = 1024 KB, 1 GB = 102

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RAM (Random Access Memory): (1) Volatile - loses data when power is off, (2) Read and Write operations possible, (3) Stores programs and data temporarily during processing, (4) Faster access speed. RO

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Von Neumann architecture, introduced by John Von Neumann in 1945, is a computer design concept where both data and programs are stored in the same memory. Components include: CPU for processing, Memor

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The three types of buses are: (1) Data Bus - transfers actual data between CPU, memory, and I/O devices (bidirectional), (2) Address Bus - carries memory addresses from CPU to memory locations (unidir

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Moore's Law was introduced by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in 1965. It predicts that the number of transistors on a computer chip will double every two years, while the cost of computers will be halv

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Structured Data: Organized in rows/columns format - student attendance records, bank transactions, spreadsheet data. Unstructured Data: No predefined format - audio/video files, social media posts, im