Cell Structure and Function
Kerala Board · Class 12 · Biology
Summary of Cell Structure and Function for Kerala Board Class 12 Biology. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
Overview
All living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex multicellular plants and animals, are made up of cells - the fundamental units of life. This chapter explores the fascinating world of cellular architecture, revealing how these microscopic structures carry out all the essential functions n
Key Concepts
Proposed by Schleiden and Schwann (1839)
Proposed by Schleiden and Schwann (1839), states that all living organisms are composed of cells, which are the basic structural and functional units
Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) lack a membrane
Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, with DNA floating freely in cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined
A selectively permeable barrier composed
A selectively permeable barrier composed of phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The fluid mosaic model explains its structure with amphipathi
A rigid
A rigid, non-living outer covering in plant cells made of cellulose, pectin, and lignin. It consists of microfibrils and is absent in animal cells. Ad
Double
Double-membrane bound organelles with outer smooth membrane and inner folded membrane (cristae). The matrix contains enzymes for cellular respiration
Learning Objectives
- Understand the cell theory and its historical development
- Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
- Compare plant and animal cell structures
- Identify and describe major cell organelles and their functions
- Explain the structure and function of cell membrane
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Cell Structure and Function covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Kerala Board Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
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Sources & Official References
- Kerala Board of Public Examinations — keralapareekshabhavan.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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