Biomolecules
Kerala Board · Class 12 · Chemistry
Summary of Biomolecules for Kerala Board Class 12 Chemistry. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
Overview
Biomolecules are the fundamental chemical compounds that form the basis of all living organisms. These complex organic molecules serve as building materials for life processes and are essential for growth, maintenance, and functioning of living systems. The main classes include carbohydrates, protei
Key Concepts
Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones
Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. Monosaccharides (glucose, fructose) are simplest units that cannot be hydrolyzed further. Disaccha
Proteins are polymers of 20 different
Proteins are polymers of 20 different α-amino acids connected by peptide bonds. Primary structure is the amino acid sequence. Secondary structure incl
Simple lipids include fats/oils (triglycerides
Simple lipids include fats/oils (triglycerides of glycerol + fatty acids) and waxes (fatty acids + long-chain alcohols). Compound lipids contain addit
DNA has double helix structure
DNA has double helix structure with 2-deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and four bases (A, T, G, C). RNA is single-stranded with ribose sugar and uracil i
Enzymes are globular proteins that catalyze
Enzymes are globular proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions. They follow lock-and-key mechanism where substrate binds to active site forming enz
Learning Objectives
- Identify and classify different types of biomolecules based on their structure and function
- Describe the structural features of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
- Understand the classification of carbohydrates as mono-, di-, and polysaccharides
- Explain protein structure at primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels
- Differentiate between DNA and RNA in terms of structure and function
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What are the important topics in Biomolecules for Kerala Board Class 12 Chemistry?
Biomolecules covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Kerala Board Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
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Start by understanding all key concepts. Practise previous year questions from this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly. Use flashcards for quick revision before the exam.
Sources & Official References
- Kerala Board of Public Examinations — keralapareekshabhavan.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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