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Revision Notes

Biomolecules

Kerala Board · Class 12 · Chemistry

Quick revision notes for Biomolecules — Kerala Board Class 12 Chemistry. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

45 questions25 flashcards5 concepts

Key Topics to Revise

1

Carbohydrates

  • Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or compounds that yield such molecules on hydrolysis
  • Classification: Monosaccharides (glucose, fructose), Disaccharides (sucrose, maltose), Polysaccharides (starch, cellulose)
  • Monosaccharides are further classified as aldoses (contain aldehyde group) and ketoses (contain ketone group)
2

Proteins

  • Proteins are polymers of α-amino acids linked by peptide bonds
  • All 20 naturally occurring amino acids have L-configuration
  • Classification: Simple proteins (fibrous and globular) and Conjugated proteins
3

Lipids

  • Lipids are biomolecules insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents
  • Classification: Simple lipids (fats, oils, waxes), Compound lipids, Derived lipids
  • Fats and oils are triglycerides (esters of glycerol with three fatty acids)
4

Nucleic Acids

  • Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides responsible for heredity
  • Two types: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid)
  • Nucleotide structure: Base + Sugar + Phosphate

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketonesProteins are polymers of 20 differentSimple lipids include fats/oils (triglyceridesDNA has double helix structureEnzymes are globular proteins that catalyze

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Biomolecules for Kerala Board Class 12 Chemistry?

Biomolecules covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Kerala Board Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.

Start by understanding all key concepts. Practise previous year questions from this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly. Use flashcards for quick revision before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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