Coordination Compounds
Kerala Board · Class 12 · Chemistry
Quick revision notes for Coordination Compounds — Kerala Board Class 12 Chemistry. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Werner's Coordination Theory and Basic Concepts
- Werner's theory explains bonding in coordination compounds through primary and secondary valencies
- Primary valence = oxidation state of metal (ionizable, satisfied by negative ions)
- Secondary valence = coordination number (non-ionizable, spatial arrangement)
IUPAC Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds
- Cation named before anion regardless of which contains the complex
- Within complex: ligands named alphabetically before metal
- Anionic ligands end in -o, neutral ligands keep molecular names
Valence Bond Theory (VBT)
- Metal uses hybrid orbitals to accommodate ligand electron pairs
- Inner orbital complexes use (n-1)d orbitals - low spin, diamagnetic
- Outer orbital complexes use nd orbitals - high spin, paramagnetic
Crystal Field Theory (CFT)
- d-orbitals split in crystal field due to electrostatic interactions
- Octahedral field: t₂g (lower energy) and eg (higher energy) orbitals
- Tetrahedral field: e (lower energy) and t₂ (higher energy) orbitals
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Sources & Official References
- Kerala Board of Public Examinations — keralapareekshabhavan.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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