Basics of Communication

Kerala Board · Class 12 · Physics

Quick revision notes for Basics of Communication — Kerala Board Class 12 Physics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

44 questions22 flashcards5 concepts

Key Topics to Revise

Components of Communication System

Essential elements: Transmitter, Communication channel/medium, Receiver
Transmitter converts information signal into electrical signal suitable for transmission
Communication channel carries the signal (wire, optical fiber, or free space)

Types of Signals

Analog signals: Continuous variations of voltage/current with time
Digital signals: Discrete stepwise values (binary: 0 and 1)
Analog signals are single-valued functions of time

Electromagnetic Spectrum and Wave Propagation

EM waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields
E and B fields are perpendicular to each other and direction of propagation
Speed of EM waves in vacuum = 3×10⁸ m/s

Sampling Theorem

Sampling converts analog signal to discrete-time signal
Sampling theorem: fs ≥ 2fm (Nyquist criterion)
fs = sampling frequency, fm = maximum signal frequency

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

A communication system consists of threeAnalog signals are continuous functionsStates that an analog signalProcess where carrier wave amplitude variesCarrier frequency varies according to modulating

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