Thermodynamics
Kerala Board · Class 12 · Physics
Quick revision notes for Thermodynamics — Kerala Board Class 12 Physics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Basic Concepts and Terminology
- Heat is energy in transit due to temperature difference between two bodies
- Temperature is the property that determines thermal equilibrium between bodies
- System can be open (exchanges mass and energy), closed (exchanges only energy), or isolated (no exchange)
Thermodynamic Processes
- Isothermal process occurs at constant temperature (T = constant)
- Adiabatic process occurs with no heat exchange (Q = 0)
- Isobaric process occurs at constant pressure (P = constant)
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
- If system A is in thermal equilibrium with C, and B is in thermal equilibrium with C, then A and B are in thermal equilibrium
- Provides basis for temperature measurement
- Establishes transitivity of thermal equilibrium
Internal Energy and First Law
- Internal energy U is sum of kinetic and potential energies of molecules
- Internal energy is a state function - depends only on current state
- First Law: ΔU = Q - W (energy conservation for thermodynamic systems)
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Sources & Official References
- Kerala Board of Public Examinations — keralapareekshabhavan.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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