Statistics

Mean (average)

Mean (average), median (middle value), and mode (most frequent value) are measures that represent the center of a data set. For grouped data, we use s

Three methods exist

Three methods exist: Direct Method (using class marks directly), Assumed Mean Method (choosing a convenient assumed mean to reduce calculations), and

Median is calculated using the formula

Median is calculated using the formula: Median = L + [(N/2 - CF)/f] × h, where L is the lower boundary of median class, CF is cumulative frequency bef

Mode is estimated using

Mode is estimated using: Mode = L + [(f₁ - f₀)/(2f₁ - f₀ - f₂)] × h, where L is lower limit of modal class, f₁ is frequency of modal class, f₀ and f₂

A graphical representation where data

A graphical representation where data is displayed using rectangles with widths representing class intervals and heights representing frequencies. Cla