Metallurgy
Maharashtra Board · Class 10 · Science
Quick revision notes for Metallurgy — Maharashtra Board Class 10 Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Physical Properties of Metals and Nonmetals
- Metals exist mainly in solid state (exceptions: mercury and gallium are liquid at room temperature)
- Metals possess metallic luster which decreases due to atmospheric oxygen and moisture
- Metals are ductile (can be drawn into wires) and malleable (can be hammered into sheets)
Chemical Properties of Metals
- Metals are electropositive elements - they lose electrons easily to form positive ions
- Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides: 4Na + O₂ → 2Na₂O
- Some metal oxides are soluble in water and form alkalis: Na₂O + H₂O → 2NaOH
Reactivity Series of Metals
- Arrangement of metals in increasing or decreasing order of reactivity
- Order: K > Na > Ca > Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Pb > H > Cu > Hg > Ag > Au > Pt
- Highly reactive metals: K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al
Chemical Properties of Nonmetals
- Nonmetals are electronegative elements - they gain electrons to form negative ions
- Nonmetals react with oxygen to form acidic oxides: C + O₂ → CO₂
- Some nonmetals form neutral oxides: 2C + O₂ → 2CO
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Metallurgy covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Maharashtra Board Class 10 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
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