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Laws of Motion

Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Physics

Flashcards for Laws of Motion — Maharashtra Board Class 11 Physics. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.

44 questions22 flashcards5 concepts

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22 Flashcards
Card 1Newton's Laws

What is Newton's First Law of Motion? State it and explain its significance.

Answer

Newton's First Law: Every object continues to be in its state of rest or uniform motion along a straight line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force. Significance: • Defines inertia as a f

Card 2Newton's Laws

State Newton's Second Law and derive F = ma from it.

Answer

Newton's Second Law: Rate of change of linear momentum is directly proportional to applied force and occurs in direction of force. Mathematically: F = dp/dt Derivation: F = dp/dt = d(mv)/dt For cons

Card 3Newton's Laws

What is Newton's Third Law? Give examples and explain action-reaction pairs.

Answer

Newton's Third Law: To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Key Points: • Forces always occur in pairs • Act on different objects • Equal in magnitude, opposite in direction • Act a

Card 4Momentum

Define linear momentum and state the principle of conservation of momentum.

Answer

Linear Momentum (p): p = mv Vector quantity with same direction as velocity Units: kg⋅m/s Conservation of Momentum: "Total momentum of an isolated system remains constant during any interaction." Ma

Card 5Types of Forces

What are the four fundamental forces in nature? Arrange them in order of strength.

Answer

Four Fundamental Forces (strongest to weakest): 1. Strong Nuclear Force: - Binds nucleons in nucleus - Range: ~10⁻¹⁴ m - Charge independent 2. Electromagnetic Force: - Between charged pa

Card 6Reference Frames

Distinguish between inertial and non-inertial frames of reference with examples.

Answer

Inertial Frame: • Newton's laws are valid • No acceleration relative to fixed stars • Object at rest stays at rest if no force acts • Examples: Laboratory on Earth, train moving at constant velocity

Card 7Impulse

Define impulse and derive the impulse-momentum theorem.

Answer

Impulse (J): Change in momentum produced by a force J = Δp = p₂ - p₁ Impulse-Momentum Theorem: From Newton's second law: F = dp/dt Therefore: F dt = dp Integrating: ∫F dt = ∫dp = Δp = J For constant

Card 8Collisions

Solve: A 2 kg object moving at 10 m/s collides with a 3 kg object at rest. Find final velocities for perfectly elastic collision.

Answer

Given: m₁ = 2 kg, u₁ = 10 m/s, m₂ = 3 kg, u₂ = 0 Elastic collision: e = 1 For elastic collision formulas: v₁ = [(m₁-m₂)u₁ + 2m₂u₂]/(m₁+m₂) v₂ = [(m₂-m₁)u₂ + 2m₁u₁]/(m₁+m₂) Substituting: v₁ = [(2-3)×

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