Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Maharashtra Board · Class 12 · Chemistry
Flashcards for Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers — Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
Interactive on Super Tutor
Studying Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers? Get the full interactive chapter.
Quizzes, flashcards, AI doubt-solver and a step-by-step study plan — built for flashcards and more.
1,000+ Class 12 students started this chapter today
Define alcohols and give their general formula. How are they classified based on the carbon atom to which -OH is attached?
Answer
Alcohols are organic compounds containing hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a saturated carbon atom. General formula: R-OH Classification based on carbon: • Primary (1°): -OH attached to primary carbo…
What is the difference between phenols and aromatic alcohols? Give examples.
Answer
Phenols: Hydroxyl group (-OH) directly attached to benzene ring carbon Example: C₆H₅-OH (phenol) Aromatic alcohols: Hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to side chain carbon of aromatic ring Example: C₆H₅-C…
Write IUPAC names for the following compounds: (a) CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-OH (b) (CH₃)₂CH-OH (c) C₆H₅-OH (d) CH₃-O-CH₂-CH₃
Answer
(a) Propan-1-ol (b) Propan-2-ol (c) Benzenol (or Phenol - both accepted) (d) Methoxyethane Naming rules: • Alcohols: Replace -e with -ol, number the position • Phenols: Benzenol or phenol • Ethers: A…
Describe the preparation of alcohols from alkenes by acid-catalyzed hydration. Include the mechanism and Markownikoff's rule.
Answer
Reaction: R-CH=CH₂ + H₂O → H₂SO₄/heat → R-CH(OH)-CH₃ Mechanism: Step 1: H₂SO₄ + alkene → carbocation (follows Markownikoff's rule) Step 2: H₂O attacks carbocation Step 3: Deprotonation gives alcohol …
What is hydroboration-oxidation? How does it differ from acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes?
Answer
Hydroboration-oxidation: Step 1: R-CH=CH₂ + B₂H₆ → (R-CH₂-CH₂)₃B Step 2: (R-CH₂-CH₂)₃B + H₂O₂/OH⁻ → 3 R-CH₂-CH₂-OH Differences: • Anti-Markownikoff addition (OH goes to less substituted carbon) • No …
Explain the preparation of alcohols using Grignard reagents. What types of alcohols are formed from different carbonyl compounds?
Answer
Grignard Reaction: R-MgX + C=O → R-C-OMgX → H₃O⁺ → R-C-OH Products from different carbonyls: • Formaldehyde (HCHO) → Primary alcohol (1°) • Aldehyde (R'CHO) → Secondary alcohol (2°) • Ketone (R'COR''…
Describe the industrial preparation of phenol from cumene (cumene-phenol process). Why is this method commercially important?
Answer
Cumene-Phenol Process: Step 1: C₆H₅-CH(CH₃)₂ + O₂ → C₆H₅-CH(OOH)-CH₃ (cumene hydroperoxide) Step 2: C₆H₅-CH(OOH)-CH₃ + H⁺ → C₆H₅-OH + (CH₃)₂CO Commercial importance: • Both phenol and acetone are val…
Why do alcohols and phenols have higher boiling points than corresponding alkanes? Explain with hydrogen bonding.
Answer
Higher boiling points due to hydrogen bonding: • -OH group forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds • H of one molecule attracts O of another molecule • Strong dipole-dipole interactions • More energy nee…
+12 more flashcards available
Practice AllFrequently Asked Questions
What are the important topics in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers for Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry?
How to score full marks in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers — Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry?
How many flashcards are available for Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers?
Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
More resources for Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Important Questions
Practice with board exam-style questions
Syllabus
What topics to cover
Revision Notes
Key points for last-minute revision
Study Plan
Step-by-step plan to ace this chapter
Formula Sheet
All formulas in one place
Chapter Summary
Understand the chapter at a glance
Practice Quiz
Test yourself with a quick quiz
Concept Maps
See how topics connect visually
For serious students
Get the full Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers chapter — for free.
Quizzes, flashcards, AI doubt-solver and a step-by-step study plan for Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry.