Structure of Atoms and Nuclei

Proposed that atoms consist of

Proposed that atoms consist of a uniformly distributed positive charge with electrons embedded like plums in pudding. Though later proved incorrect, i

Alpha particles were fired at

Alpha particles were fired at a thin gold foil. Most passed through undeflected, but some scattered at large angles (even 180°). This proved that atom

Atoms consist of electrons orbiting

Atoms consist of electrons orbiting a tiny, dense nucleus containing all positive charge and 99.9% of the atom's mass. The nucleus is ~10⁻⁵ times the

Modified Rutherford's model with quantum conditions

Modified Rutherford's model with quantum conditions: (1) electrons revolve in circular orbits, (2) angular momentum is quantized as L = nh/2π, (3) ele

Hydrogen emits light at specific wavelengths

Hydrogen emits light at specific wavelengths forming line spectra organized in series (Lyman, Balmer, Paschen, etc.). The wavelengths follow: 1/λ = RH