Acids, Bases and Salts

Acids are substances that produce H⁺

Acids are substances that produce H⁺ ions when dissolved in water (like HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻). Bases are substances that produce OH⁻ ions when dissolved in

A scale from 0 to 14

A scale from 0 to 14 that measures the concentration of H⁺ ions in a solution. pH 7 is neutral (pure water), pH less than 7 is acidic, and pH greater

The reaction between an acid

The reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water: Acid + Base → Salt + Water. The H⁺ ions from acid combine with OH⁻ ions from base to f

Normal salts (pH = 7) from

Normal salts (pH = 7) from strong acid + strong base, acidic salts (pH < 7) from strong acid + weak base, and basic salts (pH > 7) from weak acid + st

Water molecules that are part

Water molecules that are part of the crystal structure of certain compounds, like CuSO₄·5H₂O (blue vitriol). This water can be removed by heating, cha