Chemical Coordination and Integration
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Biology
Flashcards for Chemical Coordination and Integration — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Biology. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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What are hormones and how do they differ from neural coordination?
Answer
Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals that act as intracellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts. Unlike neural coordination which is fast but short-lived, hormonal coordination is slower bu…
List the major endocrine glands in the human body.
Answer
The major endocrine glands are: Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Adrenal, Pancreas, and Gonads (Testis in males, Ovary in females). Additional hormone-producing organs include gastroin…
Where is the hypothalamus located and what is its main function?
Answer
The hypothalamus is located in the basal part of diencephalon in the forebrain. It contains neurosecretory cells that produce releasing hormones (stimulate pituitary) and inhibiting hormones (inhibit …
What are the two main divisions of the pituitary gland and their components?
Answer
Pituitary gland has two divisions: 1) Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) - includes pars distalis and pars intermedia, 2) Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) - also called pars nervosa. The pituit…
Name the six hormones produced by the anterior pituitary (pars distalis).
Answer
The six hormones are: 1) Growth Hormone (GH), 2) Prolactin (PRL), 3) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), 4) Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH), 5) Luteinizing Hormone (LH), 6) Follicle Stimulating Hor…
What happens when there is over-secretion or under-secretion of Growth Hormone?
Answer
Over-secretion of GH causes gigantism in children and acromegaly in adults (facial disfigurement). Under-secretion causes pituitary dwarfism (stunted growth). Acromegaly is hard to diagnose early and …
What are the functions of LH and FSH in males and females?
Answer
In males: LH stimulates testosterone synthesis from testis; FSH with androgens regulates spermatogenesis. In females: LH induces ovulation and maintains corpus luteum; FSH stimulates growth and develo…
What are the two hormones stored and released by the posterior pituitary?
Answer
Oxytocin and Vasopressin (ADH). Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection. Vasopressin stimulates water reabsorption in kidney tubules, reducing water loss through u…
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