Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Biology
Quick revision notes for Cell Cycle and Cell Division — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Biology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Introduction to Cell Cycle
- All organisms start from a single cell and grow through repeated cell divisions
- Cell cycle is the sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome and divides into two daughter cells
- Cell division involves DNA replication, cell growth, and actual division in a coordinated manner
Phases of Cell Cycle
- Cell cycle has two main phases: Interphase and M Phase (Mitosis)
- Interphase lasts 95% of cell cycle duration
- M Phase includes nuclear division and cytoplasmic division
Mitosis (M Phase)
- Mitosis is equational division - chromosome number remains same
- Occurs in somatic diploid cells (except rare cases like male honey bees)
- Plants can show mitosis in both haploid and diploid cells
Meiosis
- Meiosis is reduction division - reduces chromosome number by half
- Occurs in diploid cells destined to form gametes
- Two sequential divisions: Meiosis I and Meiosis II
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