Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Geography
Flashcards for Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Geography. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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What is atmospheric pressure and how is it measured?
Answer
Atmospheric pressure is the weight of air column from mean sea level to the top of atmosphere contained in a unit area. It is measured in millibars (mb) using mercury barometer or aneroid barometer. A…
What are isobars and how do they help in understanding weather?
Answer
Isobars are lines connecting places having equal atmospheric pressure. They are drawn on weather maps after reducing pressure to sea level. Close isobars indicate strong pressure gradient and high win…
Name the four major pressure belts of the Earth and their locations.
Answer
1. Equatorial Low - near the equator 2. Subtropical Highs - along 30°N and 30°S 3. Subpolar Lows - along 60°N and 60°S 4. Polar Highs - near the poles These belts shift with the apparent movement of t…
What is the Coriolis force and how does it affect wind direction?
Answer
Coriolis force is caused by Earth's rotation, described by French physicist in 1844. It deflects wind to the right in Northern Hemisphere and left in Southern Hemisphere. It is maximum at poles, zero …
What are the three forces that control horizontal wind movement near Earth's surface?
Answer
1. Pressure Gradient Force - causes air to move from high to low pressure 2. Coriolis Force - deflects wind due to Earth's rotation 3. Frictional Force - slows down wind near surface Additionally, gra…
What is geostrophic wind?
Answer
Geostrophic wind occurs in the upper atmosphere (2-3 km above surface) where there is no friction. When isobars are straight, the pressure gradient force is balanced by Coriolis force, and the resulta…
Distinguish between cyclonic and anticyclonic circulation in both hemispheres.
Answer
CYCLONE (Low Pressure): - Northern Hemisphere: Anticlockwise - Southern Hemisphere: Clockwise ANTICYCLONE (High Pressure): - Northern Hemisphere: Clockwise - Southern Hemisphere: Anticlockwise In cy…
Describe the three cells of general atmospheric circulation.
Answer
1. HADLEY CELL (0°-30°): Air rises at ITCZ, moves poleward at height, sinks at 30°, returns as easterlies 2. FERREL CELL (30°-60°): Sinking cold polar air meets rising warm subtropical air, surface wi…
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