Biodiversity and Conservation
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Geography
Quick revision notes for Biodiversity and Conservation — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Geography. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Introduction to Biodiversity
- Biodiversity is the result of 2.5-3.5 billion years of evolution
- Earth supported maximum biodiversity before human emergence
- Global species estimates vary from 2 million to 100 million (best estimate: 10 million)
Levels of Biodiversity
- Three main levels: Genetic, Species, and Ecosystem diversity
- Genetic diversity refers to variation of genes within species
- Human beings belong to homo sapiens but show genetic diversity in height, color, appearance
Importance of Biodiversity
- Three main roles: Ecological, Economic, and Scientific
- Ecological role: Species capture energy, produce/decompose materials, cycle nutrients, fix atmospheric gases, regulate climate
- More diverse ecosystems are more stable and productive
Threats to Biodiversity
- Human population growth increases resource consumption
- Tropical regions: 1/4 of world area but 3/4 of human population
- Tropical rainforests contain 50% of world species but face deforestation
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