Secularism
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 11 · Political Science
Quick revision notes for Secularism — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 11 Political Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Meaning and Importance of Secularism
- Secularism is a doctrine that opposes all forms of inter-religious and intra-religious domination
- It promotes freedom within religions and equality between and within religions
- Examples of religious discrimination: 1984 Sikh massacres, Kashmiri Pandit exodus, 2002 Gujarat riots
Western Model of Secularism
- Based on mutual exclusion - complete separation of religion and state
- State cannot have religious rationale for policies or use religious classification
- Religion is treated as a private matter, not subject to state intervention
Indian Model of Secularism - Features and Distinctiveness
- Developed in context of deep religious diversity predating Western influence
- Equal focus on both inter-religious and intra-religious domination
- Protects both individual religious freedom and minority community rights
Nehru's Vision of Secularism
- Defined secularism as 'equal protection by state to all religions'
- State should protect all religions but not favor any particular one
- Did not mean hostility to religion, unlike Ataturk's Turkey
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