Mass Media and Communications
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Sociology
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Understanding Mass Media and Communications
- Mass media includes television, newspapers, films, magazines, radio, advertisements, video games, CDs, and digital platforms
- Called 'mass' media because they reach mass audiences comprising very large numbers of people
- Mass media is part of everyday life in Indian households - radio, TV, newspapers, mobile phones
Historical Development - Colonial Period and Print Media
- First modern mass media began with printing press development by Johann Gutenberg (1440)
- Initially restricted to religious books, later expanded during Industrial Revolution
- Print media helped develop nationalism and 'imagined community' (Benedict Anderson)
Post-Independence Media (1947-1990)
- Nehru called media the 'watchdog of democracy'
- Media expected to promote self-reliance, national development, and scientific temper
- Fight against social evils: untouchability, child marriage, widow ostracism
Television Revolution and Early Programming
- Color broadcasting began during 1982 Asian Games in Delhi
- Rapid commercialization of television broadcasting post-1982
- Hum Log (1984-85): India's first long-running soap opera with 156 episodes
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