Working of Institutions
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 9 · Social Science
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Explore the full setWhat is the Office Memorandum (O.M.) of August 13, 1990, and why was it significant?
Answer
The Office Memorandum No. 36012/31/90-Est (SCT) dated 13.8.1990 announced that 27% of civil posts and services under the Government of India are reserved for Socially and Educationally Backward Classe…
What was the Mandal Commission and what were its main recommendations?
Answer
The Second Backward Classes Commission (1979) headed by B.P. Mandal was appointed to identify socially and educationally backward classes in India. Its main recommendation was that 27% of government j…
Define Political Institutions and explain why they are necessary in a democracy.
Answer
Political institutions are arrangements made in democracies to carry out various governmental activities like ensuring security, providing education and health facilities, collecting taxes, and implem…
Why do democratic governments insist on working through institutions despite delays and complications?
Answer
Institutions provide opportunity for wider consultation in decision-making, make it difficult to rush through bad decisions, ensure accountability, and prevent concentration of power in one person. Wh…
List the four main functions of Parliament in a democracy.
Answer
1. Law Making: Parliament is the final authority for making, changing, or abolishing laws. 2. Control over Government: Parliament exercises control over those who run the government. 3. Control over F…
What are the two Houses of Indian Parliament? Mention their official names and popular names.
Answer
The two Houses are: 1. Rajya Sabha (Council of States) - Upper House, and 2. Lok Sabha (House of the People) - Lower House. The President of India is also part of Parliament, though not a member of ei…
Compare Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha in terms of members, election method, and term length.
Answer
Lok Sabha: 545 members (543 elected + 2 nominated), directly elected by people, 5-year term, can be dissolved. Rajya Sabha: 250 members (238 elected + 12 nominated), indirectly elected by MLAs, 6-year…
Why is Lok Sabha considered more powerful than Rajya Sabha?
Answer
1. In joint sessions, Lok Sabha's view prevails due to larger membership. 2. Lok Sabha has supreme power in money matters - Rajya Sabha can only delay money bills by 14 days. 3. Most importantly, only…
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