Oscillations
Uttarakhand Board · Class 11 · Physics
Quick revision notes for Oscillations — Uttarakhand Board Class 11 Physics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Periodic and Oscillatory Motion
- Periodic motion repeats itself after fixed intervals of time called period (T)
- Oscillatory motion is to-and-fro motion about a mean position
- All oscillatory motions are periodic, but not all periodic motions are oscillatory
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
- SHM: displacement varies sinusoidally with time as x(t) = A cos(ωt + φ)
- Amplitude (A): maximum displacement from mean position
- Angular frequency (ω): related to period by ω = 2π/T
SHM and Uniform Circular Motion
- SHM is projection of uniform circular motion on any diameter
- Reference particle moves in circle with radius A and angular speed ω
- x-projection: x(t) = A cos(ωt + φ)
Velocity and Acceleration in SHM
- Velocity: v(t) = -ωA sin(ωt + φ)
- Acceleration: a(t) = -ω²A cos(ωt + φ) = -ω²x(t)
- Maximum velocity: vₘₐₓ = ωA (at mean position)
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