Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Uttarakhand Board · Class 12 · Physics
Quick revision notes for Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance — Uttarakhand Board Class 12 Physics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Electrostatic Potential Energy
- Electrostatic force is conservative in nature, similar to gravitational force
- Work done by external force in moving a charge from point R to P equals the change in potential energy
- Potential energy is defined with reference to infinity where it is taken as zero
Electrostatic Potential
- Potential is work done per unit positive charge in bringing it from infinity to that point
- Potential is a scalar quantity and follows superposition principle
- Potential at infinity is conventionally taken as zero
Potential due to Electric Dipole
- Electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges separated by small distance 2a
- Dipole moment p = q × 2a, directed from negative to positive charge
- Potential varies as 1/r² for large distances (unlike 1/r for point charge)
Equipotential Surfaces
- Equipotential surface has constant potential at all points
- Electric field is always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces
- No work is done in moving charge on equipotential surface
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Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Uttarakhand Board Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
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