Coordination Compounds
Maharashtra Board · Class 12 · Chemistry
Quick revision notes for Coordination Compounds — Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Basic Concepts and Terminology
- Central metal atom/ion: Usually electron-deficient, acts as Lewis acid
- Ligands: Electron donors (Lewis bases) that form coordinate bonds
- Coordination sphere: [Metal + ligands] enclosed in square brackets
Types of Ligands
- Monodentate ligands: One donor atom (Cl⁻, NH₃, H₂O, CN⁻)
- Polydentate ligands: Multiple donor atoms (en, EDTA, ox²⁻)
- Bidentate: Two donor atoms (ethylenediamine, oxalate)
Coordination Number and Oxidation State
- Coordination number = number of donor atoms directly bonded to metal
- Common coordination numbers: 2, 4, 6 (most common)
- Oxidation state calculation: Charge on complex = OS of metal + charges on ligands
IUPAC Nomenclature
- Order: Ligands first (alphabetically), then metal with oxidation state
- Anionic ligands: -ide becomes -o, -ate becomes -ato
- Prefixes: di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- for multiple same ligands
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