Our Environment

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An ecosystem is all living organisms (biotic components) like plants, animals, microorganisms interacting with non-living factors (abiotic components) like temperature, soil, water in a specific area.

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Only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. After 4-5 levels, very little energy remains. For example: Plants capture 1000 units of solar energy → Primary consumers get 100 u

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Pesticides sprayed on crops are absorbed by plant roots along with water and minerals from soil. These non-degradable chemicals accumulate in plant tissues including grains. Additionally, pesticides w

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Producers are green plants and certain bacteria that make organic compounds (glucose, starch) from inorganic substances using sunlight through photosynthesis. They are essential because they convert s

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Essential components: 1) Fish (primary/secondary consumers), 2) Aquatic plants (producers for oxygen and food), 3) Water (medium), 4) Oxygen pump (aeration), 5) Fish food (energy source), 6) Beneficia

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Step 1: High-energy UV radiation from sun hits oxygen molecules (O2). Step 2: UV radiation splits O2 into two free oxygen atoms (O). Step 3: Free oxygen atoms (O) combine with oxygen molecules (O2) to

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CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) break down ozone molecules in the upper atmosphere, creating holes in the ozone layer. This allows harmful UV radiation to reach Earth, causing skin cancer and environmental

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Biodegradable (broken down by bacteria/decomposers): Vegetable peels (decompose in weeks), Paper (decomposes in months). Non-biodegradable (not broken down by biological processes): Plastic bags (pers