Study Methods
Gujarat Board · Class 11 · Psychology
Quick revision notes for Study Methods — Gujarat Board Class 11 Psychology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
Key Topics to Revise
Observation Method
- Observation is the most basic method of gathering information by systematically watching and recording behavior
- Scientific observation requires specific aim, systematic approach, and objective recording
- Six types: Introspective, Natural, Systematic, Field, Participatory, and Comparative observation
Longitudinal, Cross-Sectional, and Case History Methods
- Longitudinal method studies the same group over extended periods (5-25 years) to observe developmental changes
- Cross-sectional method studies different age groups at the same time for quick results
- Case history method involves detailed study of one individual's past and present
Experimental Method
- Experimental method is the heart of psychology and gave it scientific status
- Wilhelm Wundt introduced experimental approach to psychology in 1879
- Four key characteristics: Control, Manipulation, Repetition, and Objectivity
Questionnaire Method
- Questionnaire is a series of questions designed to gather specific information about a research problem
- Most economical and efficient method for collecting data from large groups
- Questions can be close-ended (limited response options) or open-ended (free response)
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